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DailyFastNews.Com - USA, The list of 8 asnaf (class) recipients of zakat fitrah in Islam includes the poor, poor, amil, converts, slaves, gharim, sabilillah, and ibn sabil. The procedure for the distribution of zakat fitrah for the 8 asnaf is generalized and adjusted to the number of asnaf in an area. Zakat fitrah is an obligatory zakat for Muslims, both men, women, adults, and children, which must be paid from the beginning of Ramadan until the last before the Eid prayer. Zakat fitrah can be paid in the form of staple food as much as 1 sha 'or money with an equivalent amount

Referring to the Regulation of the Minister of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia Number 52 of 2014 concerning Requirements and Procedures for Calculation of Zakat Mal and Zakat Fitrah and Utilization of Zakat for Productive Businesses, zakat fitrah in Indonesia is paid in the form of rice or staple food in the amount of 2.5 kilograms or 3.5 liters per person. . For the record, the quality of the staple food must be adjusted to the quality of the staple food consumed by the zakat payer on a daily basis. Rice or staple food in zakat fitrah can be replaced in the form of money worth 2.5 kilograms or 3.5 liters of rice.

In the Zakat Fitrah Guide (2013: 42), if zakat fitrah is cashed in the amount of 2.5 kg, then the value of the money should be equal to the value/price of the rice consumed daily. It is more important to choose the best/most expensive value, not the cheapest. Zakat fitrah functions as a cleanser of human sins during the month of Ramadan and is a complement to fasting for the giver of zakat (muzakki). On the other hand, for zakat recipients (mustahiq), zakat fitrah acts as alms or sustenance, so that their needs can be fulfilled during Eid al-Fitr. The most important time for the distribution of zakat fitrah is after the dawn prayer before a Muslim leaves for the Eid prayer until the prayer is performed.

In addition, there are also other times when the distribution of zakat fitrah is permissible, obligatory, makruh, and haram. Also read: The Most Important Zakat Fitrah Distribution Time, Limits, & When It's Haram List of 8 Asnaf Recipients of Fitrah Zakat Recipients of zakat fitrah in Islamic law are divided into 8 groups. The following is a description of the 8 groups who have the right to receive zakat fitrah.

Poor People

Poor people are people who do not have the wealth and business to meet their daily needs. The Shafi'i school is of the view that poor people can have wealth and business, but less than half of their needs.

Poor People 

Poor people are people who do not have a sufficient livelihood and are in a state of deprivation. The Shafi'i school is of the view that the poor are those who are able to meet the needs of more than half, but still lack.

Amil 

Amil are people who serve as committees for zakat fitrah. People who take care of all processes of the implementation of zakat fitrah are also entitled to receive zakat.

Converts 

Converts are people who have the possibility to convert to Islam or those who have just converted to Islam and may have weak faith. Converts are included in the group who are entitled to receive zakat fitrah.

Slaves 

Slaves may no longer exist in this era 

Gharim 

Gharim are people who are in debt for the necessities of life to maintain their soul and izzah.

Fisabilillah 

Fisabillah are people who struggle in the way of Allah in the form of activities such as da'wah, jihad and so on.

Ibn Sabil 

Ibn Sabil is a person who is on a journey of obedience to Allah and is running out of money. Procedures for Distribution of Zakat Fitrah 8 Asnaf Regarding the distribution of zakat fitrah to 8 asnaf, the system is made equally by adjusting the conditions in the area of ​​zakat distribution. In the Shafi'i school, Imam Nawawi in Al-Majmu Syarah Al-Muhadzdzab states.

"It is obligatory to equalize the share between the groups (mustahiq zakat)." If there are 8 asnaf in that area, then the division is for the 8 asnaf. If what is found is 5 asnaf, then the distribution is to those 5 groups, with a minimum of 3 people from that group. Meanwhile, citing the Jakarta MUI Fatwa regarding the Procedure for Distribution of Zakat to Mustahiq, the opinion of the Hanafi, Maliki and Hambali madhhab scholars, states that zakat should not be distributed equally among the 8 ashnaf above, but may only be distributed. to one of the 8 ashnaf

One of the things that must be known before someone performs zakat fitrah is the conditions for the validity of the worship. The legal requirements for the implementation of zakat fitrah are divided into two cases as follows: 1. Intention Intention is the first thing that must be said in carrying out various worships in Islam, including obligatory worship such as zakat fitrah. The fuqaha agree if the intention is included in the main conditions for the implementation of zakat. Rasulullah saw in a hadith narrated by Umar bin Khattab once said as follows: "All actions depend on the intention, and (retribution) for each person (depending on) what is intended .." (Hadith Sahih Al-Bukhari No. 52) 2. Tamlik The second legal requirement for zakat fitrah for muzakki (zakat givers) is to give zakat to the rightful person (mustahik) or amil (zakat committee). People who are entitled to receive zakat fitrah are divided into 8 groups including the indigent, poor, amil, converts, slaves, gharim, sabilillah, and ibn sabil.